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Peräpohjola dialects
Peräpohjola dialects are forms of Finnish language spoken in Lapland in Finland, Sweden and Norway. The dialect group belongs to the Western Finnish dialects and it is divided to five more specific dialect groups.〔http://www.internetix.ofw.fi/opinnot/opintojaksot/8kieletkirjallisuus/aidinkieli/murteet/perapohj.html〕
== Features ==
Like the Northern Ostrobothnian (Oulu) dialects, Peräpohjola dialects are Western dialects that show features from Eastern dialects. For instance the reflex to standard ''-ts-'' in ''metsä'' is ''mettä'' according to a Western pattern, whereas the reflex of standard ''-d-'' is deletion, 'j', or 'v', as in Eastern dialects, e.g. ''vedän'' - ''vejän''. Epenthetic vowels (''tyhjä - tyhyjä'') are not common although found in southern Tornio dialects. There are no vowel or diphthong changes, a Western/standard feature, but there is a general gemination of consonants in short initial syllables (e.g. standard ''makaa'' is ''makkaa''), as in Oulu and Eastern dialects. Palatalization is absent, which is a very Western feature, since palatalization occurs even in the (Western) Oulu dialect.
A unique feature is that unstressed syllables in e.g. the illative case are preceded with an emphatic 'h', e.g. ''talhon'' vs. standard ''taloon'', ''menhään'' vs. standard ''mennään''. This is highly distinctive but very difficult for outsiders to imitate correctly. The pronouns are also distinct: ''mie'' (''minä'', "I") and ''sie'' (''sinä'', "you"(sg.)) are Eastern-like, while ''met'' and ''meän'' (''me'' and ''meidän'', "we" and "our(s)") and ''tet'' and ''teän'' (''te'' and ''teidän'', you (pl.) and your(s)(pl.)) are unique to Peräpohjola. Also, the reflex to the standard third-person verb suffix ''-vat'' ("they") is a simple ''-t'', e.g. ''annoit'' vs ''antoivat''.〔http://sokl.uef.fi/aineistot/Aidinkieli/murteet/perapmur.html〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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